Kofi Annan e Gilberto Gil tocam juntos na ONU em 2003

O Conselho Técnico-Administrativo (CTA) e a Congregação (órgão deliberativo máximo) da Escola de Comunicações e Artes (ECA) da Universidade de São Paulo aprovaram o pleito de concessão do título de Doutor Honoris Causa pela Universidade de São Paulo ao cantor e compositor baiano Gilberto Gil. A outorga do título será agora examinada pelo Conselho Universitário da instituição entre julho e agosto – a greve dos estudantes, encerrada em 8 de junho após 54 dias de paralisação, retardou um pouco a apreciação do pedido.

“Trata-se de reconhecer não apenas um artista de relevância mundial, mas um pensador e gestor público que contribuiu decisivamente para a construção de um Brasil mais plural, democrático e culturalmente consciente”, justifica texto da defesa do título acadêmico, assinado em março pelos professores Rubens Rewald (chefe do Departamento de Cinema, Rádio e TV da ECA), Ivan Vilela (compositor, arranjador, pesquisador e violeiro), Guilherme Wisnik (vice-diretor da Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da universidade), Nabil Bonduki (também da FAU e vereador, ex-secretário de Cultura de São Paulo), Alfredo Manevy (cineasta e docente da UFSC, ex-secretário executivo do Ministério da Cultura e ex-presidente da Spcine), Fabiana Cozza (cantora, escritora, doutoranda e pesquisadora de MPB) e Fabio Maleronka (sociólogo, produtor, editor e consultor da Unesco).

Recentemente, a ECA-USP já tinha conduzido a campanha que resultou na concessão póstuma do mesmo título ao jornalista e professor da faculdade Vladimir Herzog, assassinado pela ditadura civil-militar em 1975. Em 2023, uma colega e amiga de Gil, a cantora carioca Marisa Monte, se tornou Doutora Honoris Causa da instituição após aprovação pelo Conselho (tornando-se a terceira mulher na história da USP a ostentar o título). Marisa é embaixadora do programa USP Diversa, que arrecada recursos e oferece bolsas para estudantes em situação vulnerável.

Além da importância histórica, estética, intelectual e comportamental da obra de Gilberto Gil na História da música brasileira, os argumentos para a concessão do Honoris Causa ao músico têm base ainda na relevância de sua postura de afirmação da cultura negra – destaca-se especialmente o trabalho no álbum Refavela (1977), profundamente conectado aos ritmos africanos, de incorporação de elementos das religiões afro-brasileiras e de suporte a uma militância ativista. O trabalho de enfatizar a necessidade de se preservar o trabalho dos blocos afro do Carnaval de Salvador quando em vias de desaparição também é destacado, assim como a ação na Tropicália, no reggae e no pop rock dos anos 1980.

A atividade em prol da cidadania é um dos pontos cruciais da argumentação. Os defensores do Honoris Causa citam a passagem pelo Ministério da Cultura entre 2003 e 2008 como um “turning point” em relação às políticas públicas para o setor. A cultura “deixou de ser periférica, ornamental ou subsidiária para propor uma centralidade nas políticas de Estado”, afirma o texto. Antes de Gil chegar ao Ministério da Cultura, a pasta desfrutava de baixo prestígio político e administrava estruturas frágeis, sem protagonismo na formulação estratégica do país. A partir de 2003, essa condição foi profundamente alterada. Sob a liderança de Gilberto Gil (e de seu secretário executivo, Juca Ferreira), diz o texto, o Ministério passou a formular políticas públicas estruturantes e a intervir de maneira ampla no debate nacional, penetrando na vida política e cultural do país, assumindo protagonismo em decisões fundamentais, como a inclusão da cultura entre os destinos dos recursos do pré-sal, ao lado de áreas como saúde e educação.

Conforme estabelece o Estatuto da USP, o título de Doutor Honoris Causa é conferido a “personalidades nacionais ou estrangeiras que tenham contribuído, de modo notável, para o progresso das ciências, letras ou artes; e aos que tenham beneficiado de forma excepcional a humanidade, o País, ou prestado relevantes serviços à Universidade”. Para ser aprovada, a proposta deve contar com votos favoráveis de no mínimo dois terços dos integrantes do Conselho Universitário (CO). Os signatários do documento acreditam que é remota a possibilidade de a USP não conceder o título a Gil.

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