Bustos empilhados do acervo de museus de Ribeirão Preto, fechados há dez anos. Fotos: Conppac/Reprodução
Bustos empilhados do acervo de museus de Ribeirão Preto, fechados há dez anos. Fotos: Conppac/Reprodução

Dados do último censo feito no Brasil apontam a cidade de Ribeirão Preto, no interior de São Paulo, como a 29ª cidade mais rica do país. O PIB per capita é de quase R$ 75 mil (dados de 2023) e a cidade ostenta números expressivos tanto no agronegócio quanto no setor industrial. Em maio, o município apareceu, no Índice de Progresso Social (IPS) de 2026, à frente de 26 capitais brasileiras no ranking de qualidade de vida, ficando atrás apenas de Curitiba (PR) entre as cidades com mais de 500 mil habitantes.

Apesar da riqueza, Ribeirão Preto tem uma dívida que resiste a pagar: com a história. Dois de seus principais equipamentos culturais, o Museu Histórico e o Museu do Café, que ficam dentro do campus da Universidade de São Paulo, permanecem fechados de março de 2016, quando ocorreu o desabamento de parte do forro do Museu Histórico.

Em maio, a revista Revide, veículo de imprensa semanal da cidade, publicou uma reportagem sobre os dez anos de fechamento dos museus. “Em 2017, a Justiça determinou o início das obras em até 90 dias, decisão mantida pelo Tribunal de Justiça em 2018. Em janeiro de 2019, foi fixado prazo de dois anos para a reforma dos prédios e de um ano para o restauro do acervo, sob multa diária de R$ 10 mil. Mesmo após essas decisões, o complexo não foi restaurado”, informa a revista.

Segundo a Revide, “o município apresentou, em 2021, um projeto de restauro estimado em R$ 15 milhões, mas a captação de recursos permaneceu indefinida até 2023. Em 2024, a Prefeitura contratou a construção de uma reserva técnica para abrigar o acervo, com valor inicial de R$ 4.862.000 e prazo de execução de 15 meses. A obra foi considerada etapa necessária para viabilizar o restauro dos edifícios históricos”.

Peça de museu de Ribeirão Preto, em meio a vegetação. A foto foi realizada durante vistoria de conselheiros da Conppac

Em 2025, um julgamento no Supremo Tribunal Federal negou recurso do município e impôs definitivamente ao município a obrigação de restaurar o complexo.

“No mesmo período, o contrato da obra da reserva técnica sofreu reajustes e prorrogação, com valor atualizado para R$ 5.076.804,12 e prazo estendido até fevereiro de 2026”, conta a revista. A obra, no entanto, até agora, não foi inaugurada, e o contrato com a empresa foi rompido.

Tal situação levou o ex-presidente do Conppac (Conselho de Preservação do Patrimônio Cultural), o advogado Lucas Pereira, em carta aberta no final do seu mandato, em abril, a tecer duras críticas à Prefeitura pela “morosidade excessiva” em “restaurar os bens do acervo museológico”, além de não registrar e inventariar esses bens e de “não contratar empresa especializada para implantação de política de segurança e de sistema de vigilância 24h dos museus e do acervo”.

De acordo com Lucas Pereira, decisões da prefeitura resultarão “no retardo de aproximadamente mais 3 anos ou mais” na reabertura dos museus, lesando “toda comunidade ribeirãopretana, dos munícipes aos prestadores de serviço da rede hoteleira, do setor do turismo e aos professores secundaristas etc., todos tolhidos de conhecer, visitar e estudar o acervo técnico do complexo museológico” e tolhendo o direito à memória da cidade.

FAROFAFÁ entrevistou, sobre o caso, a socióloga e cientista da informação Sílvia Maria do Espírito Santo sobre a situação. Para ela, especialista em patrimônio histórico, professora da USP e integrante do Conppac, não há perspectivas de reabertura dos museus e as consequências para o acervo são “imensuráveis”.

Farofafá – O Museu Histórico e o Museu do Café em Ribeirão Preto estão fechados há dez anos. Há perspectiva de reabri-lo?
Sílvia Maria do Espírito Santo –
A gestão municipal deve ter perspectivas de reabri-lo, mas elas são irreais a curto e médio prazos. Na realidade, por se constituírem como edificações rurais do século passado, os museus devem passar por uma intervenção radical de conservação e reforma em determinados locais da antiga sede da Fazenda Monte Alegre (c. 1889). O Museu do Café, uma construção do arquiteto Hernane do Val Penteado, em estilo neocolonial da década de 1950, também precisa de intervenções. O Jardim Botânico, nesses dez anos, também perdeu espécies raras de sua vegetação. Por falta de conservação, extração indevida e até roubo. Espantoso verificar que tudo indica o desaparecimento do chichá (Sterculia striata ou Sterculia chicha), uma árvore gigantesca. Como ela saiu pela portaria da Universidade de São Paulo?

FFF – Nesse período, é possível identificar o prejuízo no acervo?
SMES –
A perda é imensurável do ponto de vista histórico e das características da coleção de História Natural que o museu possuía. Sobreviveram as peças de grande porte, mas não há laudo técnico de estado de conservação de nada dos acervos: histórico e do café.

FFF – Há outros equipamentos públicos de memória em Ribeirão Preto em situação precária?
SMES –
Quase todos. O Museu da Guerra, o mais visitado no momento, serve de espaço para reuniões de simpatizantes de extrema-direita, por exemplo, segundo a percepção de outros visitantes. Há uma cegueira em relação à representação simbólica dos acervos e, daí, o abandono do papel educativo dos museus da cidade. O Museu da Imagem e do Som está sendo cuidado por quem está próximo dele. No entanto, em nenhum museu de Ribeirão Preto há museólogos ou profissionais especializados nas áreas correlatas.

FFF – Há um conselho em Ribeirão Preto para cultura em que o caso tem sido discutido? A prefeitura tem respondido aos questionamentos?
SMES – O Conselho de Cultura existe, mas desconheço a atuação em função do museus. Parece-me que cuidam de eventos. O Conppac, sob nossa responsabilidade, tem atuado no patrimônio da cidade de forma sistêmica e fomos nós que denunciamos o fechamento ao Ministério Público.

FFF – Ribeirão Preto é uma das cidades mais ricas do Estado de São Paulo. O que explica essa dificuldade em manter esses equipamentos?
SMES –
Acredito que isso seja um sintoma da doença social provocada pelo neoliberalismo associado ao falso nacionalismo. Ficamos socialmente doentes em função do lucro exacerbado do agronegócio, que jamais se importou com o respeito aos bens públicos. Há vinte anos, Ribeirão Preto perdeu a chance de ser um polo produtor de cultura de forma legítima. Priorizar eventos é deixar de olhar para o que é sólido ou simbólico na história, para aquilo que de fato transforma as mentes. Os museus representam e produzem conhecimento crítico, e ninguém do agronegócio dará importância a revolver as chagas da escravidão e os abusos cometidos pelos donos de terra, inclusive contra os imigrantes. E, também, responder à pergunta: o que queremos de nós mesmos?

FFF – Além da obra da construção da reserva técnica, há outras medidas em andamento para recuperar esses espaços?
SMES –
De forma alguma. Tudo abandonado: reserva técnica sem inaugurar, acervo em estado de apodrecimento, jardim botânico abandonado e inacessível ao público.

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